Optimization algorithm for reconfiguration process of the IP over optical networks, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2003, nr 3

The IP over optical (IPO) network is becoming one of the most interesting among all proposed models of transport networks nowadays. In an IPO network, the recon- figuration capability of the network could be used in order to balance the load of its network elements (NEs). Reconfiguration operations (i.e., switching in OXC nodes and rerouting in IP routers) take place in real-time. Consequently, intensive changes in NEs settings might cause failures in the existing connections in the network. For that reason, changes in NEs settings should be coordinated in a reconfiguration process. In this paper, the author has proposed an optimization method for such reconfiguration process. The mathematical model of the method including computation results has been presented

Optymalizacja sieci FTTH. Telekomunikacja i Techniki Informacyjne, 2014, nr 3-4

Fiber To The Home (FTTH) to najbardziej nowoczesna technologia wśród światłowodowych sieci dostępowych. Podstawowymi wyzwaniami w procesie budowy sieci FTTH są wysoka cena urządzeń i koszt instalacji kabli. Cena urządzeń optycznych wprawdzie stale się obniża, jednak położenie kabla optycznego nadal generuje bardzo duże koszty. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono problem optymalizacji kosztów instalacji kabla optycznego. Jego rozwiązanie będzie miało praktyczne zastosowanie w projektowaniu sieci FTTH. Ponieważ prezentowany problem jest NP-trudny (Non-deterministic Polynomial-time hard), w celu jego rozwiązania posłużono się algorytmem aproksymacyjnym. Algorytm został zaimplementowany w celu analizy wydajności, która wykazała zadowalającą jakość wyników działania algorytmu z dopuszczalną czasochłonnością. W związku z tym autor proponuje zastosowanie algorytmu w narzędziach do projektowania sieci FTTH

FTTH Network Optimization, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2014, nr 4

Fiber To The Home (FTTH) is the most ambitious among optical technologies applied in the access segment of telecommunications networks. The main issues of deploying FTTH are the device price and the installation cost. Whilst the costs of optical devices are gradually decreasing, the cost of optical cable installation remains challenging. In this paper, the problem of optimization that has practical application for FTTH networks is presented. Because the problem is Non-deterministic polynomial-time hard (NP-hard), an approximation algorithm to solve it is proposed. The author has developed the algorithm in a C# program in order to analyze its performance. The analysis confirms that the algorithm gains near-optimal results with acceptable time consumption. Therefore, the algorithm to be applied in a network design tool for FTTH network planning is proposed

TEACHERS’ EXPERIENCE WITH USING TEACHING TECHNIQUES TO PROMOTE CHILDREN’S MOTIVATION AND ENGAGEMENT IN A NON-FORMAL ENGLISH EDUCATIONAL SETTING

In this increasing globalized and internationalized world, teaching techniques reported to be effective in one country are more frequently adopted for use in other countries. However, these techniques may not yield similar effects across educational contexts. This article reports a study that (i) explored teaching techniques that teachers in commercial English Language Centres (CELC) in Southern Vietnam used to promote children’s learning motivation and engagement, (ii) examined why they adopted these teaching techniques and (iii) identified challenges associated with the use of these techniques. Content analysis of 21 semi-structured interviews with teachers from four CELC showed that teachers were frequently using games, picture flashcards, videos, miming, role play and storytelling for the mentioned purpose. The study also revealed several challenges for the use of these techniques associated with (i) teachers considering teaching in CELC as an extra job, (ii) educational norms and values ingrained in stakeholders’ perception, and (iii) practicality issues involved in their teaching. The article highlights that teachers’ adoption of a teaching technique was driven by their beliefs about its effectiveness, about expectations of important stakeholders, and about contextual factors that may affect the use of the technique.  Article visualizations

TEACHERS' EXPERIENCE WITH USING TEACHING TECHNIQUES TO PROMOTE CHILDREN'S MOTIVATION AND ENGAGEMENT IN A NON-FORMAL ENGLISH EDUCATIONAL SETTING

In this increasing globalized and internationalized world, teaching techniques reported to be effective in one country are more frequently adopted for use in other countries. However, these techniques may not yield similar effects across educational contexts. This article reports a study that (i) explored teaching techniques that teachers in commercial English Language Centres (CELC) in Southern Vietnam used to promote children’s learning motivation and engagement, (ii) examined why they adopted these teaching techniques and (iii) identified challenges associated with the use of these techniques. Content analysis of 21 semi-structured interviews with teachers from four CELC showed that teachers were frequently using games, picture flashcards, videos, miming, role play and storytelling for the mentioned purpose. The study also revealed several challenges for the use of these techniques associated with (i) teachers considering teaching in CELC as an extra job, (ii) educational norms and values ingrained in stakeholders’ perception, and (iii) practicality issues involved in their teaching. The article highlights that teachers’ adoption of a teaching technique was driven by their beliefs about its effectiveness, about expectations of important stakeholders, and about contextual factors that may affect the use of the technique

Genetic diversity of Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib in Vietnam based on analyses of chloroplast markers and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)

Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib is not only an endangered species in Vietnam, but also around the world. The wood of this tree species is very valuable as it is used to construct houses and high quality furniture. Habitat loss and exploitation of A. xylocarpa by man have threatened the population to such an extent that the number of mature trees of this species has dwindled to quite a low quantity. Declining numbers of A. xylocarpa in turn causes a constriction of the gene pool. Thus, it is very important to evaluate the genetic diversity of A. xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib in order to conserve and sustain the surviving population of these trees. 50 samples of A. xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib were collected from seven locations in four provinces (Gia Lai, Dac Lac, Dong Nai and Ninh Thuan) and used to evaluate the genetic diversity of these trees based on the analysis of chloroplast 16S rRNA, non-coding regions between trnH-trnK, trnD-trnT and psbC-trnS chloroplast genes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The data obtained reveals that the 50 samples of A. xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib have low level of genetic diversity, as supported by the fact that the genetic similarity coefficients of the trees ranged from 49 to 100%. At the similarity level of 49%, the 50 samples were grouped into two main groups. There was no clear local specificities of the samples as the samples from same locality were not found in same group. Due to low level of genetic diversity, low numbers of trees and scattered occurrence, setting up suitable conservation strategies are urgently needed.Key words: Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib, genetic diversity, non-coding sequences, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers

STIRLING ENGINE: FROM DESIGN TO APPLICATION INTO PRACTICE AND EDUCATION

Stirling motor is a type of outside ignition heat motor that can utilize various fuel sources from customary structures (coal, oil, kindling, rice husk, and so forth) to sustainable power sources (sun-oriented energy), climate, squander heat usage, and so forth). The article centers around introducing the fundamental highlights of the improvement history, activity qualities, and plan techniques for certain sorts of Stirling motors, in this way offering useful appropriateness as well as a college preparing for understudies. The understudy studying Thermal Engineering in our nation today.  

Effects of leukemia inhibitory factor on transcript expression of pluripotent genes in bovine embryonic stem like cells

Leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif) is very important for embryonic stem cell establishment. In this study, we investigated effects of Lif on transcript expression of pluripotent genes of bovine embryonic stem like cells in passage 1, passage 3 and passage 6. The results showed that Lif supplementation of medium could improve transcript expression of pluripotent gene including nanog, oct4, sox2 and c-myc. Three Lif concentrations were applied for cell culture medium. We found that pluripotent gene transcripts were highest expressed in 103 IU/ml Lif supplemented medium, especially nanog and oct4 transcript expression could be maintained until 6th passage . The transcript expression was decreased in 104 IU/ml Lif suppmented medium, suggesting that high concentration of Lif could inhibit pluripotent gene expression. Thus, 103 IU/ml Lif was the most efficient concentration to improve transcript expression of pluripotent genes. There was a relationship in nanog expression and c-myc and sox2 expression. C-myc and sox2 expression were up-regulated when nanog was down-regulated. We also accessed nanog or oct4 which were key factors for the maintenace of pluripotency and renewal of bovine embryonic stem like cell. The result demonstrated that nanog could be the key factor for pluripotency of bovine embryonic stem like cells.

On the Effectiveness of Adversarial Samples against Ensemble Learning-based Windows PE Malware Detectors

Recently, there has been a growing focus and interest in applying machine learning (ML) to the field of cybersecurity, particularly in malware detection and prevention. Several research works on malware analysis have been proposed, offering promising results for both academic and practical applications. In these works, the use of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) or Reinforcement Learning (RL) can aid malware creators in crafting metamorphic malware that evades antivirus software. In this study, we propose a mutation system to counteract ensemble learning-based detectors by combining GANs and an RL model, overcoming the limitations of the MalGAN model. Our proposed FeaGAN model is built based on MalGAN by incorporating an RL model called the Deep Q-network anti-malware Engines Attacking Framework (DQEAF). The RL model addresses three key challenges in performing adversarial attacks on Windows Portable Executable malware, including format preservation, executability preservation, and maliciousness preservation. In the FeaGAN model, ensemble learning is utilized to enhance the malware detector's evasion ability, with the generated adversarial patterns. The experimental results demonstrate that 100\% of the selected mutant samples preserve the format of executable files, while certain successes in both executability preservation and maliciousness preservation are achieved, reaching a stable success rate